DirectActionsWML

[edit]WML Tags

A: abilities, about, achievement, achievement_group, add_ai_behavior, advanced_preference, advancefrom, advancement, advances, affect_adjacent, ai, allied_with, allow_end_turn, allow_extra_recruit, allow_recruit, allow_undo, and, animate, animate_unit, animation, aspect, attack (replay, weapon), attack_anim, attacks (special, stats), avoid;

B: base_unit, background_layer, berserk, binary_path, break, brush;

C: campaign, cancel_action, candidate_action, capture_village, case, chance_to_hit, change_theme, chat, checkbox, choice, choose, clear_global_variable, clear_menu_item, clear_variable, color_adjust, color_palette, color_range, command (action, replay), continue, core, credits_group, criteria;

D: damage, damage_type, death, deaths, default, defend, defends, defense, delay, deprecated_message, destination, difficulty, disable, disallow_end_turn, disallow_extra_recruit, disallow_recruit, do, do_command, drains, draw_weapon_anim;

E: editor_group, editor_music, editor_times, effect, else (action, animation), elseif, endlevel, end_turn (action, replay), enemy_of, engine, entry (credits, options), era, event, experimental_filter_ability, experimental_filter_ability_active, experimental_filter_specials, extra_anim;

F: facet, facing, fake_unit, false, feedback, female, filter (concept, event), filter_adjacent, filter_adjacent_location, filter_attack, filter_attacker, filter_base_value, filter_condition, filter_defender, filter_enemy, filter_location, filter_opponent, filter_own, filter_owner, filter_radius, filter_recall, filter_second, filter_second_attack, filter_self, filter_side, filter_student, filter_vision, filter_weapon, filter_wml, find_path, fire_event, firststrike, floating_text, fonts, for, foreach, found_item, frame;

G: game_config, get_global_variable, goal, gold, gold_carryover;

H: harm_unit, has_ally, has_attack, has_unit, has_achievement, have_location, have_unit, heal_on_hit, heal_unit, healed_anim, healing_anim, heals, hide_help, hide_unit, hides;

I: idle_anim, if (action, animation, intro), illuminates, image (intro, terrain), init_side, insert_tag, inspect, item, item_group;

J: jamming_costs, join;

K: kill, killed;

L: label, language, leader, leader_goal, leadership, leading_anim, levelin_anim, levelout_anim, lift_fog, limit, literal, load_resource, locale, lock_view, lua;

M: male, menu_item, message, micro_ai, missile_frame, modification, modifications, modify_ai, modify_side, modify_turns, modify_unit, modify_unit_type, move, move_unit, move_unit_fake, move_units_fake, movement_anim, movement costs, movetype, multiplayer, multiplayer_side, music;

N: not, note;

O: object, objective, objectives, on_undo, open_help, option, options, or;

P: part, petrifies, petrify, place_shroud, plague, poison, post_movement_anim, pre_movement_anim, primary_attack, primary_unit, print, progress_achievement, put_to_recall_list;

R: race, random_placement, recall (action, replay), recalls, recruit, recruit_anim, recruiting_anim, recruits, redraw, regenerate, remove_event, remove_item, remove_object, remove_shroud, remove_sound_source, remove_time_area, remove_trait, remove_unit_overlay, repeat, replace_map, replace_schedule, replay, replay_start, reset_fog, resistance (ability, unit), resistance_defaults, resolution, resource, return, role, rule;

S: save, scenario, screen_fade, scroll, scroll_to, scroll_to_unit, secondary_attack, secondary_unit, section, select_unit, sequence, set_achievement, set_extra_recruit, set_global_variable, set_menu_item, set_recruit, set_specials, set_variable, set_variables, sheath_weapon_anim, show_if (message, objective, set_menu_item), show_objectives, side, skirmisher, slider, slow, snapshot, sound, sound_source, source (replay, teleport), special_note, specials, split, stage, standing_anim, statistics, status, store_gold, store_items, store_locations, store_map_dimensions, store_reachable_locations, store_relative_direction, store_side, store_starting_location, store_time_of_day, store_turns, store_unit, store_unit_defense, store_unit_defense_on, store_unit_type, store_unit_type_ids, store_villages, story, swarm, sub_achievement, switch, sync_variable;

T: target, team, teleport (ability, action), teleport_anim, terrain, terrain_defaults, terrain_graphics, terrain_mask, terrain_type, test, test_condition, test_do_attack_by_id, text_input, textdomain, theme, then, tile, time, time_area, topic, toplevel, trait, transform_unit, traveler, true, tunnel;

U: unhide_unit, unit (action, scenario), unit_overlay, unit_type, unit_worth, units, unlock_view, unpetrify, unstore_unit, unsynced;

V: value, variable, variables, variant, variation, victory_anim, village, vision_costs, volume;

W: while, wml_message, wml_schema;

Z: zoom;

Direct actions

Direct actions are actions that have a direct effect on gameplay.

The following tags are actions:

• [endlevel]: ends the scenario.
  • result: before the scenario is over, all events with name=result are triggered. The message result_message with the heading result_heading (see LanguageWML) are displayed. If result=victory, the player progresses to the next level; if result=defeat, the game returns to the main menu. These last two are rarely used: result=continue behaves identically to result=victory except the player's gold is not reduced to 80%, and it does not bring up a "Victory" message or the gold changing message (since it doesn't change); result=continue_no_save works similarly, except the player is not asked whether to save the game, and is taken directly to the next scenario without any messages. Unless result=defeat, the following keys can also be used:
  • bonus: whether the player should get bonus gold (maximum possible gold that could have been earned by waiting the level out). The default is bonus=yes.
  • carryover_report Template:DevFeature: whether the player should receive a summary of the scenario outcome, the default is carryover_report=yes.
  • save Template:DevFeature: whether a start-of-scenario save should be created for the next scenario, the default is save=yes.
  • linger_mode Template:DevFeature: whether the game should switch to linger_mode before advancing to the next scenario, the default is linger_mode=yes.
  • next_scenario: (default specified in [scenario] tag) the ID of the next scenario that should be played. All units that side 1 controls at this point become available for recall in next_scenario.
  • When the result is "victory" the following keys can be used:
    • carryover_percentage Template:DevFeature: by default 80% of the gold is carried over to the next scenario, with this key the amount can be changed.
    • carryover_add Template:DevFeature: if true the gold will be added to the starting gold the next scenario, if false the next scenario will start with the amount of the current scenario (after taxes) or the minimum in the next scenario. Default is false.
  • music Template:DevFeature: (default specified in [scenario] or [game_config] tags) a comma-separated list of music tracks from which one will be chosen and played once after any events related to the end of level result are executed; by default, victory_music is used on victory, and defeat_music on defeat.
  • end_text Template:DevFeature: Text that is shown centered in a black screen at the end of a campaign. Defaults to "The End". Note that this has cumulative effects over the campaign - it persists even if the endlevel does not trigger the end of the campaign. See also CampaignWML.
  • end_text_duration Template:DevFeature: Delay, in milliseconds, before displaying the game credits at the end of a campaign. In other words, for how much time end_text is displayed on screen. Defaults to 3500. Note that this has cumulative effects over the campaign - it persists even if the endlevel does not trigger the end of the campaign. See also CampaignWML.
• [unit]: places a unit on the map. For syntax see SingleUnitWML.
  • (Hint: Use the GENERIC_UNIT macro)

• • Template:DevFeature to_variable: spawn directly into a variable instead of on the map.
• [recall]: recalls a unit. The unit is recalled free of charge, and is placed near the leader.
  • StandardUnitFilter: the first matching unit will be recalled. If no units match this tag is ignored.
  • x,y: the unit is placed here instead of next to the leader.
  • show: if not "no", display the unit being recalled.
• [teleport]: teleports a unit on map. (Hint: Use the TELEPORT_UNIT macro)

• • [filter]: StandardUnitFilter all units matching the filter will be teleported.
  • x,y: the position to teleport to.
  • clear_shroud: should shroud be cleared on arrival
  • animate: should a teleport animation be played (if the unit doesn't have a teleport animation, it will fade out/fade in)
• [terrain_mask]: changes the terrain on the map. See TerrainMaskWML.
• [terrain]: changes the terrain on the map.
  • terrain: the character of the terrain to use. See TerrainCodesWML to see what letter a type of terrain uses.
  • x,y: the position (or range of positions) to change.
  • Template:DevFeature layer: (overlay|base|both, default=both) only change the specified layer.
  • Template:DevFeature replace_if_failed: (default=no) When replacing just one layer failed, try to replace the whole terrain. If terrain is an overlay only terrain, use the default_base as base layer. If the terrain has no default base, do nothing.
• [gold]: give one side gold.
  • amount: the amount of gold to give.
  • side: (default=1) the number of the side to give the gold to.
• [unstore_unit]: creates a unit from a game variable, and activates it on the playing field. This must be a specific variable describing a unit, and may not be an array -- to unstore an entire array, iterate over it. The variable is not cleared. See also [store_unit], [while] and [clear_variable] in InternalActionsWML. Note units with a negative amount of hitpoints will be unstored with 1 hitpoint.
  • variable: the name of the variable.
  • find_vacant: whether the unit should be placed on the nearest vacant tile to its specified location. If this is set to 'no'(default), then any unit on the same tile as the unit being unstored will be destroyed.
  • text: (translatable) floating text to display above the unit, such as a damage amount
  • red, green, blue: (default=0,0,0) the color to display the text in. Values vary from 0-255. You may find it convenient to use the {COLOR_HARM} or {COLOR_HEAL} macro instead. (Use {COLOR_HARM} or {COLOR_HEAL} instead of the whole red,green,blue= line.)
  • advance: if the XP has been modified then there will be tried to advance the unit, default true.
  • Template:DevFeature x ,y: override unit location
• [allow_recruit]: allows a side to recruit units it couldn't previously recruit.
  • type: the types of units that the side can now recruit.
  • side: (default=1) the number of the side that is being allowed to recruit the units.
• [disallow_recruit]: prevents a side from recruiting units it could previously recruit.
  • type: the types of units that the side can no longer recruit.
  • side: (default=1) the number of the side that may no longer recruit the units.
• [set_recruit]: sets the units a side can recruit.
  • recruit: the types of units that the side can now recruit.
  • side: (default=1) the number of the side that is having its recruitment set.
• [modify_side]: modifies some details of a given side in the middle of a scenario. The following listed properties are the only properties that [modify_side] can affect!'
  • side: (default=1) the number of the side that is to be changed.
  • income: the income given at the begining of each turn.
  • team_name: the team in which the side plays the scenario.
  • user_team_name: a translatable string representing the team's description. This has no effect on alliances. Defaults to team_name.
  • gold: the amount of gold the side owns.
  • village_gold: the income setting per village for the side.
  • controller: the identifier string of the side's controller. Uses the same syntax of the controller key in the [side] tag.
  • fog: a boolean string (yes/no) describing the status of Fog for the side.
  • shroud: a boolean string describing the status of Shroud for the side.
  • Template:DevFeature hidden: a boolean string specifying whether side is shown in status table.
  • Template:DevFeature [ai]: replaces a side's AI parameters with the new specified ones. Uses the same syntax described in AiWML.
• [modify_turns]: modifies the turn limit in the middle of a scenario.
  • value: the new turn limit.
  • add: if used instead of value, specifies the number of turns to add to the current limit (can be negative).
  • Template:DevFeature current: changes the current turn number after applying turn limit modifications, if any. It is possible to change the current turn number to a greater one than the current only; also, it is not possible to change the turn number to exceed the turn limit.
• [capture_village]: changes the ownership of a village.
  • side: the side that takes control of the village. If not given, the village will become neutral.
  • x, y: the location of the village.
• [kill]: Removes all units (including units in a recall list) that match the filter from the game.
  • StandardUnitFilter: selection criterion
  • animate: if 'yes', displays the unit dying (fading away).
  • fire_event: if 'yes', triggers any appropriate 'die' events (See EventWML). Note that any 'die' events triggered by this are executed immediately, interrupting the current event and thus causing the x1, y1, x2, and y2 variables to be reset for that 'die' event, which in turn causes those variables to be invalid for the remainder of this event. Template:DevFeature 'last breath' events are also fired.
• [unstone]: Unstones all units that match the filter.
  • [filter]: StandardUnitFilter all units matching the filter will be unstoned. If no unit matches the filter, then nothing happens (probably). If absent, all units on the map are unstoned.
• [object]: gives some unit an object and removes all items on the tile the unit is on.
  • id: when the object is picked up, a flag is set for id. The object cannot be picked up if a flag for id has been set. This means that any object with an id can only be used once, even if first_time_only=no is set for the event. This restriction is per level. In a campaign objects with the same id can be assigned once per level.
  • [effect]: one or more effect elements may be listed. See EffectWML for a description of [effect].
  • duration: if 'level', effects only last until the end of the level (note : 'level' is the scenario, so this doesn't mean it last until the unit levels-up).
  • [filter]: StandardUnitFilter the first unit found that matches the filter will be given the object. If no unit matches the filter, then a message is displayed and the object is not removed.
  • [then]: a subtag that lets you execute actions if the filter conditions are met. The most common action that should be inside here is a [removeitem] tag, but you could probably put any tags that otherwise work in a [then] tag.
  • silent: whether or not messages should be suppressed. Default is "no".
  • image: the displayed image of the object.
  • name: (translatable) displayed as a caption of the image.

• • user_description: Template:DevFeature (translatable) displayed as a message of the image. In 1.4 and older versions this is just description; that will still be expected for compatibility.
  • cannot_use_message: (translatable) displayed instead of description if no unit passes the filter test.
  • If you do not supply a filter, the object action will be applied to a unit at the location of the moveto event. Currently this isn't recommended as it is not clear that this will continue working this way. Instead it is better to explicitly include a location filter.
  • The object action does not act on units in the recall list. There is a feature request in to allow this, but it is not clear whether or not it will be accepted.
• [remove_shroud]: removes some shroud from the map for a certain side (only relevant for sides that have shroud=yes).
  • side: (default=1) the side for which to remove shroud.
  • StandardLocationFilter: the range of tiles for which shroud should be removed.
  • Note: [remove_shroud] doesnt't accept all of the standard location filters. In particular [filter] to remove shroud around units doesn't work, and radius may not either. To remove shroud around a group of units, you can temporarily switch the sides of the units using [store_unit], [set_variable], and then [unstore_unit] (do the [set_variable] and [unstore_unit] twice each, once to switch sides, and once to switch back). Just make sure you call [redraw] while the unit's side is switched to update shroud. Also make sure to use kill=no for the store and then find_vacant=no for the unstores.
  • Template:DevFeature: [remove_shroud] accepts a full standard location filter.
• [place_shroud]: places some shroud on the map for a certain side (only relevant for sides that have shroud=yes).
  • side: (default=1) the side for which to place shroud.
  • StandardLocationFilter: the range of tiles on which shroud should be placed.
• [allow_undo]: allows the player to undo the event that this tag is inside. Has an effect only inside moveto events. If the move is undone, only the position of the unit will be restored; any altered variables or changes to the game will remain changed after the move is undone. It is up to the scenario designer to avoid abusing this command.
  • Technically, if [allow_undo] is inside an [event] with first_time_only=yes (the default setting), and the user undoes the event, then the state of the game has changed in this way: the event will not fire a second time, even though the user undid the move the first time.
• [heal_unit] Template:DevFeature: heal a unit. The variable $heal_amount will be set to the exact number of points healed (i.e can be lesser than the parameter amount if the unit is fully healed).
  • [filter]: StandardUnitFilter the first unit matching the filter will be healed.
  • [secondary_unit_filter]: StandardUnitFilter all the units matching the filter and having the heals ability will have their animation played (if animate is set to true).
  • amount: the maximum points the unit will be healed.
  • animate: a boolean which indicate if the healing animations must be played.
• [time_area] Template:DevFeature: how a day should progress in a given area. Everywhere not specified in a [time_area] tag is affected by the [time] and [illuminated_time] tags in the [scenario] tag
  • StandardLocationFilter: the locations to affect.
  • TimeWML: the new schedule.
  • id: an unique identifier assigned to a time_area. Optional, unless you want to remove the time_area later. See below.
  • remove: (boolean) yes/no value. Indicates whether the specified time_area should be removed. Requires an identifier. If no identifier is used, however, all time_areas are removed.
  • Template:DevFeature: in Wesnoth 1.5.9 and later, id may be a comma-separated list for removing time areas. It is not allowed, however, for inserting time areas; only the first id is taken into account in that case.

• [end_turn] Template:DevFeature: end the current side's turn.

Useful Macros

There are some predefined macros that you find useful for direct actions. You can find a complete list along with a detailed explanation of how they work here.

• {MOVE_UNIT}: Moves a unit to another location in the map and the player sees the movement (unlike [teleport])
• {FULL_HEAL}: Brings a unit to full HP
• {LOYAL_UNIT}: Create a loyal unit
• {MODIFY_TERRAIN_MASK}: Modify an area of terrain

See Also

• InternalActionsWML
• InterfaceActionsWML
• EventWML
• ReferenceWML